Art Needleman Division of Visitor Services National Wildlife Refuge System

Uniformed employees patrolling US Parks

Park rangers presiding over United states of america Citizenship Ceremony

National Park Service rangers are among the uniformed employees charged with protecting and preserving areas set aside in the National Park System by the United States Congress and the President of the U.s.a.. While all employees of the agency contribute to the National Park Service mission of preserving unimpaired the natural and cultural resources set aside by the American people for future generations, the term "park ranger" is traditionally used to describe all National Park Service employees who wear the uniform. Broadly speaking, all National Park Service rangers promote stewardship of the resources in their care—either voluntary stewardship via resources interpretation, or compliance with statute or regulation through law enforcement. These comprise the two main disciplines of the ranger profession in the National Park Service.

History [edit]

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The term "ranger" is from a Heart English give-and-take dating dorsum to 1350–1400. "Rangers" patrolled royal forests and parks to prevent "poachers" from hunting game claimed past the nobility.^[1] Use of the term "ranger" dates to the 17th century in the United states, and was drawn from the word "range" (to travel over a big area). The title "ranger" in the modern sense was first practical to a reorganization of the fire warden force in the Adirondack Park, after fires burned 80,000 acres (320 km²) in the park. The name was taken from Rogers' Rangers, a minor force famous for their woodcraft that fought in the area during the French and Indian State of war beginning in 1755. The term was then adopted past the National Park Service.^[2]

The outset Director of the National Park Service, Stephen T. Mather, reflected upon the early park rangers in the US National Parks as follows:

They are a fine, hostage, intelligent, and public-spirited body of men, these rangers. Though pocket-size in number, their influence is large. Many and long are the duties heaped upon their shoulders. If a trail is to be blazed, it is "send a ranger." If an animal is floundering in the snow, a ranger is sent to pull him out; if a bear is in the hotel, if a burn threatens a wood, if someone is to be saved, it is "send a ranger." If a Dude wants to know the why, if a Sagebrusher is puzzled almost a road, it is "ask the ranger." Everything the ranger knows, he will tell you, ex-cept almost himself.^[iii]

Horace Albright, second managing director of the National Park Service, called Harry Yount, gamekeeper of Yellowstone National Park, the "begetter of the ranger service, besides as the first national park ranger".^[three] Yount was hired in 1880 to enforce the prohibition on hunting in the park. In addition to these duties, he would act as a guide and escort for visiting officials, such equally he did in 1880 for the Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz. Although he was paid a yearly salary of $ane,000 (out of the park'southward overall $fifteen,000 yearly upkeep) he resigned at the finish of 1881. Before leaving, he suggested to the superintendent of Yellowstone that "...the game and natural curiosities of the park be protected by officers stationed at different points of the park with authority to enforce observance of laws of the park maintenance and trails." Yount pointed out that it was nearly incommunicable for ane person to protect the game properly over the park's vast expanse.

Official nomenclature [edit]

The park ranger position in the federal government began as a serial of specialized positions in the miscellaneous series. In 1959, the official park ranger position (GS-0025 Park Ranger) was established throughout the federal government.^[4] along with its companion series the park technician (GS-0026). The park ranger position was designated for "professional person" work like management of the park (park ranger (manager)-park ranger (site manager)), or management of division (chief ranger, chief of interpretation). The park technician series was designed to handle routine technical skills, i.e., giving walks, talks, patrolling roads, fee drove.^[4]

Subsequently years of business organisation of pay, the National Park Service and the Part of Personnel Management agreed to consolidate the 2 serial into a single group, to be used only for professional positions and temporary or seasonal positions. The understanding also required that the park service begin using other appropriate technical series for lower paid positions.^[4] The protection ranger series was inverse to "GL"-0025 in 2005.^{[ original research? ]}

• 0025 – park ranger series – The duties are to supervise, manage, and perform work in the conservation and use of federal park resources. This involves functions such equally park conservation; natural, historical, and cultural resource management; and the development and operation of interpretive and recreational programs for the do good of the visiting public.^[five]
• 0303 – miscellaneous clerk and assistant serial, aka company use assistances – Duties include clerical, assistant, or technician work when other series are non advisable. The piece of work requires a cognition of procedures and techniques involved in handling special programs. This series is normally used for fee collectors at campgrounds and entrance stations.^[5]
• 0189 – recreation assist and assistant series – Provides support to recreation programs by performing limited aspects of recreation work, lifeguards^[v]
• 0090 – guide series – Provides or supervises interpretive and guide services to visitors to sites of public interest. Give formal talks almost natural and historic features, explains engineering structures and related water developments, answers questions, and guides tours.^{[5] [half dozen]}

Duties, disciplines, and specializations [edit]

The duties of the modernistic park ranger are every bit varied and various as the parks where they serve, and in recent years have become more than highly specialized – though they oft intertwine. Regardless of the regular duties of whatever one discipline, the goal of all rangers remains to protect the park resources for future generations and to protect park visitors. This goal is achieved by the professionalism and sometimes overlapping of the different functions and specialties. For example, an interpretive ranger may be trained in and perform fire suppression, emergency medicine, or search and rescue. Law enforcement rangers and other park employees may contribute to the mission of the interpretive ranger past helping park orient visitors to park resources and facilities, safely and finer movement through them, and brand a personal connection to park resources while they accordingly use facilities. The spirit of teamwork in accomplishing the mission of stewardship is underscored by the fact that in many cases, the U.S. National Park Service in detail, park rangers share a mutual uniform regardless of work assignment.

The oldest source of information on park ranger careers was the 1956 Park Ranger past C. B. Colby.^{[ commendation needed ]} At that time, park rangers fulfilled all the demands of park operations from administrative duties to technical rescue. By 1995, Exploring Careers in the National Parks by Bob Gartner, reflected the specialization of duties and the expansion of titles covering the aforementioned work as was existence done in 1956.^{[ citation needed ]} In the 21st century, Live the Adventure, showed the park ranger profession was simply becoming more than complex.^{[ citation needed ] [ original research? ]}

The federal Office of Personnel Management sums up the diversity of the official park ranger series of professional white-collar occupational groups as follows:

This series covers positions the duties of which are to supervise, manage, and/or perform work in the conservation and use of Federal park resources. This involves functions such as park conservation; natural, historical, and cultural resource management; and the evolution and operation of interpretive and recreational programs for the do good of the visiting public. Duties characteristically include assignments such equally: forest and structural fire control; protection of holding from natural or company related depredation; dissemination to visitors of general, historical, or scientific information; folk-fine art and craft demonstration; control of traffic and visitor use of facilities; enforcement of laws and regulations; investigation of violations, complaints, trespass/inroad, and accidents; search and rescue missions; and management activities related to resource such as wild fauna, lakeshores, seashores, forests, historic buildings, battlefields, archeological backdrop, and recreation areas.^[7]

Interpretation and didactics [edit]

• Estimation: park rangers provide a wide range of informational services to visitors. Some rangers provide applied information—such as driving directions, train timetables, conditions forecasts, trip planning resources, and beyond. Rangers may provide interpretive programs to visitors intended to foster stewardship of the resources. Interpretation in this sense includes guided tours nigh the park's history, environmental or both; slideshows, talks, demonstrations; informal contacts, and historical re-enactments. Interpretive rangers apply the latest scholarship to continuously evaluate and program interpretive programming and methods. Products include traditional printed materials and outdoor wayside exhibits, and now include web-based and digital applications. All uniformed rangers, regardless of their primary duties, are ofttimes expected to be experts on the resources in their care, whether they are natural or cultural.
• Didactics: rangers may too appoint in leading more formalized curriculum-based educational programs, meant to support and complement educational activity received past visiting students in traditional academic settings, or in creating resource-based curriculum materials for other educators to utilize. Rangers often develop education programs to assistance educators come across specific national and local standards of instruction. Cultural resource education may include admission to artifacts or replicas, and natural resource instruction may include the taking of samples, all under the supervision of a ranger to insure proper protection of the resource. Unlike interpretation, education programs include the opportunity to assess learning and designed to meet external standards using the protected resources as the subject.

Law enforcement and emergency services [edit]

By the 1970s the National Park Service recognized that in order to protect visitors and park resources effectively the service needed professional rangers dedicated primarily to law enforcement, emergency medical services, firefighting, and search and rescue. Although some mod NPS rangers in this specialty ("protection rangers") may be primarily engaged in police enforcement duties, the many varied environments they work in may require these employees to exist competent in a multifariousness of public safety skills. Rangers who have received a law enforcement commission wearable the standard NPS uniform with the Department of the Interior constabulary enforcement badge. In larger park units search and rescue, emergency medicine, and other functions may be a co-operative of the "visitor services" or "protection" segmentation and may not crave a committee.

Education and preparation [edit]

The United States Office of Personnel Direction provides the post-obit guidance concerning educational activity requirements for all park rangers:

Undergraduate and Graduate Education: Major study -- natural resource management, natural sciences, world sciences, history, archaeology, anthropology, park and recreation management, law enforcement/constabulary science, social sciences, museum sciences, business administration, public administration, behavioral sciences, sociology, or other closely related subjects pertinent to the management and protection of natural and cultural resources. Course piece of work in fields other than those specified may be accepted if it clearly provides applicants with the background of noesis and skills necessary for successful job performance in the position to be filled.^[8]

Specialized experience may be substituted for teaching in some cases.

Specialized education and training [edit]

In addition to traditional undergraduate and graduate coursework, the following specialized study pertain to the park ranger profession:

Interpretation [edit]

In the final decades of the 20th century the field of resource interpretation began to consciously professionalize itself. This has resulted in the early on 21st century with colleges and universities offering coursework and degrees in interpretation.^{[nine] [10] [11]}

See also [edit]

• Listing of United States federal constabulary enforcement agencies
• Ranger

References [edit]

1. ^ "the definition of ranger". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on three March 2016. Retrieved 17 Jan 2018.
2. ^ Angus, Christopher, The Extraordinary Adirondack Journey of Clarence Little, Syracuse: Syracuse Academy Press, 2002. ISBN 0-8156-0741-5.
3. ^ ^{a b} Albright, Horace M.; Taylor, Frank J. (1929). "Oh, Ranger!" A Book most the National Parks. Stanford Academy Press. pp. 5–7. ISBN978-1-4400-8022-7.
4. ^ ^{a b c} Position Classification Standard for Park Ranger Series, GS-0025; Office of Personnel Management; TS-75 November 1985
5. ^ ^{a b c d} Handbook of Occupational Groups and Families May 2009; Office of Personnel Management; Washington D.C.
6. ^ Position Classification Standard for Guide Series, GS-0090; Office of Personnel Management; TS-37 Dec 1961
7. ^ U.S. Office of Personnel Direction. Handbook of occupational groups and families. Washington, D.C. January 2008. Page 19. OPM.gov Archived 2009-01-03 at the Wayback Motorcar Accessed Jan ii, 2009.
8. ^ "Park Ranger Series 0025". U.S. Office of Personnel Direction. Archived from the original on eight July 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-07-eighteen. Retrieved 2010-08-02 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy every bit title (link)
10. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-08-03. Retrieved 2010-08-02 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy equally title (link)
11. ^ "Celebrated Sites and Museum Studies - Gordon College". www.gordon.edu. Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2018.

External links [edit]

• Association of National Park Rangers
• U.S. Park Ranger Lodge of the Fraternal Order of Law
• "Adopt A Ranger", the worldwide foundation to finance additional park rangers
• U.Due south. Office of Personnel Management, TS-75 Nov 1985, POSITION Classification STANDARD FOR PARK RANGER SERIES, GS-0025

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Park_Service_Ranger

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